Share This

Dagmar Budikova is an Associate Professor of Geography at Illinois State University. She holds a Ph.D. in Climatology from the University of Calgary, Canada. Dr. Budikova serves as the Coordinator of the Hydrogeology Graduate Program and GIS & Cartographic Services. Her work in climatology has contributed to our knowledge of climate variability and change […]

There is a direct relationship between the amount of water available in a watershed, climate, and climate variability. The fraction of precipitation that will reach stream channels depends on the amount and type of vegetation cover, the physiography, and land use(s) of the watershed.

Gypsum is found in nature in mineral and rock form. As a mineral, it can form very pretty, and sometimes extremely large, crystals. As a rock, gypsum is a sedimentary rock, typically found in thick beds or layers. It forms in lagoons where ocean waters high in calcium and sulfate content can slowly evaporate and be regularly replenished with new sources of water.

The term humidity describes the fact that the atmosphere can contain water vapor. The amount of humidity found in air varies because of a number of factors. Two important factors are evaporation and condensation. At the water/atmosphere interface over our planet’s oceans, large amounts of liquid water are evaporated into atmospheric water vapor.

Bumblebees (of the genus Bombus) are common native bees and important pollinators in most areas of North America. In spring, queens emerge from underground where they have spent the winter, and look for a nest site, often found underground in an old mouse nest or rodent burrow.

Share This

Cutler J. Cleveland is Professor of Geography and Environment at Boston University, where he also is on the faculty of the Center for Energy and Environmental Studies.

FAQs
Timeline
Quotes

Carbon footprint
Energy country profiles
Energy transitions
Net energy analysis
Ten fundamental principles of net energy
Ten most distortionary energy subsidies
Renewable energy

Altamont Pass, California
Athabasca, Alberta
Baku, Azerbaijan
Bosporus Straits, Turkey
Grandpa’s Knob, Vermont
Itaipú dam
Three Gorges Dam, […]

Sea ice has long been regarded as a key potential indicator and agent of climate change. In recent years, sea ice has received much attention in the news media and the scientific literature owing to the apparent reduction in coverage and thickness of sea ice in the Arctic.

The term watershed is used (especially in North America and Europe) to indicate an area of land from which all water falling as rain or snow would flow toward a single point. This includes both surface water flow, such as rivers, streams and creeks, and the underground movement of water.